Every cellular-based IoT device relies on a public or private Access Point Name (APN) to connect to the internet. Cellular networks inherently offer robust security through encrypted communication channels and authenticated connections. However, the complexities and specific demands of corporate IoT deployments may require higher security and control. A private APN provides unique traffic routing and may restrict access to select sites to increase security.
In this article, we'll delve deeper into what an APN is, explore the distinctions between public and private APNs, and discuss the unique advantages a private APN can provide your business. By understanding these fundamentals, your business can make an informed decision about whether or not you need a private APN to tailor security to your specific needs.
What is an APN?
An Access Point Name (APN) serves as a cellular connection point or 'gateway' to the internet for IoT devices. Before data can be transmitted over a cellular network, the device must be configured with a valid APN. To establish a connection, an APN uses a network identifier to specify the gateway and an operator identifier to distinguish the mobile network operator (MNO). Additionally, it assigns an IP address to the device, which is essential for network connectivity.
SIMs are typically pre-provisioned with specific APN settings by the Mobile Network Operator (MNO) to ensure that devices are ready to connect to the network immediately upon activation. However, it is also possible to manually add or adjust APN settings on the device after installing the SIM.
A SIM card can have more than one APN like if it is a Multi-IMSI SIM. Additionally, the APN plays a crucial role in traffic routing and demarcation of where traffic is handed off.
Types of APNs
There are two main types of Access Point Names (APNs): public and private. Each type serves different needs and offers distinct advantages and limitations depending on the requirements of the IoT deployment.
Public APN
A public APN typically assigns a dynamic IP address controlled by the MNO. As the default option for most cellular devices, the IP address under a public APN may change each time the device reconnects to the network. However, static IP addresses are also available with a public APN.A public APN provides essential access to the cellular network but does not offer device owners control over network settings.
Private APN
In contrast, a private APN allows for the customization of network security settings directly via the APN and uses a static IP address. Static IP addresses can protect sensitive information and reduce the risk of security threats like malware by making it more straightforward to implement strict firewall rules, monitor traffic, and detect anomalies.
You may also like: What is a Private LTE & 5G Network & Is It Right For Your Business?
Do you need a private APN for an IoT deployment?
Whether you need a private APN depends on your specific requirements—no one-size-fits-all answer exists. While a private APN can offer significant benefits for certain businesses, it is essential to assess whether it aligns with your specific needs without unnecessarily complicating your network infrastructure.
First, it's essential to recognize that cellular networks, by their very nature, provide a strong security foundation. Standard APNs, without the customization of private APNs, still benefit from the intrinsic security features of cellular communications. This setup alone may suffice for many IoT deployments that aim to maintain secure connectivity.
However, private APNs are effective when a business has specific needs around network privacy and data control. If your operations require that devices send traffic only to predetermined destinations or restrict access to the internet to prevent non-essential activities (like a tablet that should access only certain business sites and not stream movies), a private APN might be necessary. The level of control a private APN provides facilitates tighter security and more straightforward troubleshooting and network management.
Considerations before choosing a private APN
To determine if a private APN is suitable for your IoT deployment, consider the following factors:
- Sensitivity of data: How critical is the data being transmitted? More sensitive information might warrant the enhanced security measures a private APN offers.
- Coverage needs: Does your deployment need to operate in a specific location or across broad areas? Consider the network coverage of your chosen provider and how well it integrates with a private APN.
- Future scalability: Will your network needs evolve as your business grows? A private APN might offer better scalability options for large-scale deployments.
- Upfront costs: Implementing a private APN can be more expensive initially. It is crucial to analyze the ROI and whether the benefits justify the costs.
- Control and management requirements: If having granular control over your network settings and management is critical, a private APN provides that capability.
By carefully evaluating these factors, you can make a well-informed decision about whether the advantages of a private APN align with your business’s specific operational needs and long-term strategic goals.
You may also like: Wireless Backup Internet for Business: An Introductory Guide
Advantages and disadvantages of a private APN for
While a private APN offers considerable benefits for certain IoT deployments, not all scenarios require this solution. The advantages of a private APN are especially relevant for corporate applications where enhanced security, control, and customization are critical. However, the inherent security and functionality provided by public APNs are adequate for many IoT applications.
Here’s how your business may benefit from an APN and what it may cost you:
Advantages
Enhanced security
Private APNs create a dedicated network environment, allowing for stricter security protocols and reduced exposure to external threats.
Easier troubleshooting
A private APN can identify and resolve network issues more quickly. Since the network infrastructure is exclusive to one organization, troubleshooting becomes less complex than public networks.
Greater control
Private APNs give businesses complete control over their network settings. This includes managing who accesses the network and how data is handled and prioritized across the system.
Customization
Private APNs can be customized to meet specific connectivity and operational needs, such as setting up unique IP configurations or defining special data routes.
Disadvantages
Higher costs
The customization and enhanced control of a private APN come at a higher cost. This includes the initial setup and ongoing maintenance expenses, which can be significantly higher than those associated with public APNs.
Dependency on infrastructure
Building and maintaining a private APN involves investments in hardware, software, and skilled personnel. A dependency on infrastructure can pose challenges due to upfront costs and ongoing maintenance expenses.
If your APN is supported by a software-defined network (SDN), you can establish a private network environment more efficiently and with lower upfront costs than traditional setups typically require. However, while SDN minimizes some hardware dependencies, it does not eliminate the need for all infrastructure. Even with SDN, a dependency on infrastructure remains, including the need for upfront investment in software solutions and the ongoing expenses related to network management and personnel training.
Whatever your business case, Zipit can support you
At Zipit Wireless, we understand the diverse connectivity requirements of different businesses. That's why we have partnered with leading carriers to provide many different kinds of connectivity offerings that can meet any business case.
Contact our team of experts to explore your options and ensure that your IoT devices operate securely, efficiently, and in alignment with your operational requirements.
You may also like:
